Although often considered a vegetable, artichokes (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) are a type of thistle. This plant originated in the Mediterranean and has been used for centuries for its potential medicinal properties. Its alleged health benefits include lower blood sugar levels and improved digestion, heart health, and liver health. Artichoke extract, which contains high concentrations of compounds found in the plant, is also increasingly popular as a supplement. Here are the top 8 health benefits of artichokes and artichoke extract.